Paleo-Hebrew Alphabet

The Paleo-Hebrew Alphabet also known as Ābarayt (Ābryt), the Proto-Hebrew Alphabet, Old Hebrew Alphabet, or Phoenician Hebrew Alphabet is the original Hebrew used by the Hebrew people and Israelites of the Bible. After several generations, the language was changed by the Masoretes, lost, and then replaced with Modern or Ashkenazi Israeli Hebrew. Below you will see a comparison of the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet to Modern Hebrew, Arabic, Greek, and English. You can learn more about the history of the language on our site.

𐤀 alaph

Written: A

Meaning:
Ox, strength, leader

Number: 1

English: A a

Hebrew: א

Arabic: ا

Greek: Α α

𐤁 bayat

Written: 

Meaning: 
House, family, “in”

Number: 2

English: 

Masoretic Hebrew: ב

Arabic: ب

Greek: Β β

𐤂 gamal

Written: Ga

Meaning: 
Foot, pride, camel

Number: 3

English: G g

Masoretic Hebrew: ג

Arabic: ج

Greek: Γ γ

𐤃 dalat

Written: Da

Meaning: 
Tent door, pathway

Number: 4

English: D d

Masoretic Hebrew: ד

Arabic: د

Greek: Δ δ

𐤄 haa

Written: Ha

Meaning: 
Behold, Reveal, Breath, Life

Number: 5

English: H h

Masoretic Hebrew: ה

Arabic: ه

Greek: Ε ε

𐤅 uau / ýatad

Written: Ua / Ýa

Meaning: 
Nail, Hook, Secure, Connect

Number: 6

English: U u / Ý ý

Masoretic Hebrew: ו

Arabic: و

Greek: Ϝ ϝ, Υ υ, Ψ ψ

𐤆 zan

Written: Za

Meaning: 
Weapon, Cut-off, Harvest

Number: 7

English: Z z

Masoretic Hebrew: ז

Arabic: ز

Greek: Ζ ζ

𐤇 khat

Written: Kha

Meaning: 
Fence, Separation, Divide

Number: 8

English: Kh kh

Masoretic Hebrew: ח

Arabic: ح

Greek: Η η

𐤈 thanaa

Written: Tha

Meaning: 
Basket, Snake, Womb

Number: 9

English: Th th / ̪ /

Masoretic Hebrew: ט

Arabic: ط

Greek: Θ θ

𐤉 yad

Written: Ya

Meaning: 
Arm, Hand, Work, Make

Number: 10

English: Y y

Masoretic Hebrew: י

Arabic: ي

Greek: Ι ι

𐤊 kaph

Written: Ka

Meaning: 
Palm, Tame, Subdue, Open

Number: 20

English: K k

Masoretic Hebrew: כך

Arabic: ك

Greek: Κ κ

𐤋 lamad

Written: La

Meaning: 
Staff, Control, Protect

Number: 30

English: L l

Masoretic Hebrew: ל

Arabic: ل

Greek: Λ λ

𐤌 mayam

Written: Ma

Meaning: 
Water, Chaos, Mighty, Sea

Number: 40

English: M m

Masoretic Hebrew: מם

Arabic: م

Greek: Μ μ

𐤍 nauan

Written: 

Meaning: 
Offspring, Seed, Fish, Heir

Number: 50

English: 

Masoretic Hebrew: נן

Arabic: ن

Greek: Ν ν

𐤎 samak

Written: Sa

Meaning: 
Shield, Pierce, Support

Number: 60

English: S s

Masoretic Hebrew: ס

Arabic: س

Greek: Ξ ξ

𐤏 āyan (ghayan?)

Written: Ā

Meaning: 
Eye, See, Experience

Number: 70

English: Ā ā (Gh gh ?)

Masoretic Hebrew: ע

Arabic: ع ,غ

Greek: Ο ο, Ω ω

𐤐 phaah

Written: Pha

Meaning: 
Mouth, Word, Sword

Number: 80

English: Ph php͆

Masoretic Hebrew: פף

Arabic: ف

Greek: Π π

𐤑 tsad

Written: Tsa

Meaning: 
Side, Snare, Hunt, Wait

Number: 90

English: Ts ts

Masoretic Hebrew: צץ

Arabic: ص

Greek: Ϻ, ϡ Ͳ

𐤒 qauaph

Written: Qa

Meaning: 
Divide, Sun, Gather

Number: 100

English: Q q

Masoretic Hebrew: ק

Arabic: ق

Greek: Ϙ ϙ, Φ φ

𐤓 raash

Written: Ra

Meaning: 
Head, Man, Beginning

Number: 200

English: R r

Masoretic Hebrew: ר

Arabic: ر

Greek: Ρ ρ

𐤔 shan

Written: Sha

Meaning:
Teeth, Eat, Consume

Number: 300

English: Sh shŠ š

Masoretic Hebrew: ש

Arabic: ش

Greek: Σ σ ς

𐤕 tau

Written: 

Meaning: 
Mark, Sign, Covenant

Number: 400

English:

Masoretic Hebrew: ת

Arabic: ت

Greek: Τ τ